TOTAL EXAMINATION PROGRAM
PEO Syllabus of Examinations, 2012 Edition
MATERIALS ENGINEERING
PROFESSIONAL EXAMS – SPECIFIC TO MATERIALS ENGINEERING
GROUP A
12-Mtl-A1 Materials Thermodynamics
Phase relationships and phase rule. First, second and third laws of thermodynamics, enthalpy and heat balances, entropy, free energy, and chemical equilibrium. Solution chemistry and solution models, chemical potential, relationships between phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties. Thermochemical analyses of materials and electrochemical processes.
12-Mtl-A2 Transport Phenomena in Materials Engineering
Transport equations for momentum, heat and mass transfer. Thermodynamic and physical boundary conditions. Interphase mass transfer: gas-solid, gas-liquid, liquid-liquid, and liquid-solid applied to materials systems. Mathematical models. Radiation heat transfer: black and grey body, emissivity and view factors. Heat transfer in casting processes: mould properties, continuous casting. Reactor theory applied to materials operations: mixed flow, plug flow, residence time.
12-Mtl-A3 Structure and Characterization of Materials
Structure of crystalline and amorphous materials including polymers. Analytical methods to determine structure including optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and diffraction techniques (including X-ray and electron diffraction). Defects in solids and dislocation theory. Grain boundaries. Introduction to phase equilibria and phase diagrams.
12-Mtl-A4 = 10-Met-A5 Mechanical Behaviour of Materials
Dislocation theory. Slip and twinning in crystalline solids. Strengthening mechanisms in materials. Mechanical properties and testing of materials. Crystallographic texture and anisotropy. High-temperature deformation response of crystalline solids. Failure mechanisms of materials (ductile and brittle failure, creep and creep fracture, fatigue crack propagation and failure, and stress corrosion cracking). Elements of fracture mechanics.
12-Mtl-A5 Phase Transformations of Metals, Glasses, and Ceramics
Phase diagrams. Diffusion and diffusional transformations in solids. Crystal interfaces and microstructure. Diffusionless transformations. Theory of transformation kinetics. Spinodal decomposition. Nucleation and growth processes, and solidification phenomena. Nucleation and growth kinetics. Precipitation hardening. Phase separation in glasses.
12-Mtl-A6 Thermal Treatment of Metals, Glasses, and Ceramics
Heat flow and precipitation. Strengthening of glasses by tempering and ion exchange, colloidal colors. Photosensitive and photochromic glasses. Recrystallization and grain growth. Solid-state sintering. Vitrification. Sintering with reactive liquid. Pressure sintering and hot pressing. Iron-carbon and non-ferrous alloy systems. Hardening of steel. Annealing of metals (recovery, recrystallization, grain growth, secondary recrystallization, and heat treatments based on these phenomena).
GROUP B
12-Mtl-B1 = 10-Met-B1 Mineral Processing
Sources and nature of metallic and industrial minerals of importance. Comminution techniques, size classification. Hydrocyclones, gravity and magnetic separations. Flotation: surface chemistry, reagents, analysis. Tailings disposal, water pollution control, closed circuit operation. Plant design, process analysis and optimization.
12-Mtl-B2 = 10-Met-B2 Hydrometallurgy and Electrometallurgy
Unit processes of hydrometallurgy: acid, alkaline and pressure leaching .Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. Pourbaix diagrams. Purification of leach liquors by ion exchange, solvent extraction and selective precipitation operations. Solid-liquid separation techniques. Principles of electrometallurgy. Recovery of metal values by cementation, electrowinning and refining from aqueous solutions. Electrolyte preparation, cell potential, effect of additives. Hydrogen precipitation methods. Application of processes for the recovery of copper, nickel, zinc, cobalt, gold and uranium.
12-Mtl-B3 = 10-Met-B3 Ironmaking and Steelmaking
Thermodynamics and kinetics of iron and steelmaking reactions. Direct reduction processes. Blast furnace operations. Chemical properties of fluxes, slags and refractories. Converter processes and electric furnace steelmaking. Treatment of hot metal, ladle metallurgy including desulfurization, deoxidation, inert gas and vacuum treatment. Continuous casting. Secondary refining processes including AOD, VAD, VOD, VAR, and ESR. Analysis of new and emerging steelmaking technologies. Environmental control.
12-Mtl-B4 = 10-Met-B4 Non-Ferrous Extractive Metallurgy
The application of principles of thermodynamics, kinetics, and transport phenomena to the extraction and refining of non-ferrous metals using pyrometallurgical processes. Production of copper, nickel, lead, and zinc from sulphides. Converting and flash smelting operations. Production of aluminum and magnesium using fused salt electrolysis. Reduction cell operation. Production of refractory metals by chlorination and purification. Recent developments in non-ferrous pyrometallurgy. Environmental impact.
12-Mtl-B5 = 10-Met-B5 Metal Fabrication
Fundamentals of solidification: phase diagrams, cooling curves, cast structures, solidification shrinkage, molten metal characteristics. Casting methods including ingot casting, continuous casting, sand casting, die casting, investment casting, counter gravity, lost foam, mould casting, squeeze and semi-solid casting. Hot working: hot rolling, extrusion, and forging. Bending and sheet metal operations: roll bending and forming, shearing operations, stretch forming and drawing, hydroforming, and superplasticity. Powder metallurgy processes.
12-Mtl-B6 = 10-Met-B6 Physical Metallurgy of Iron and Steel
Diffusional and diffusionless transformations in plain carbon, alloy, stainless, and tool steels. Use of alloying elements in steels to produce enhanced properties – physical, mechanical, corrosion and oxidation resistance. Hardenability of steels and surface hardening and modification. Structure and properties of cast irons.
12-Mtl-B7 = 10-Met-B7 Physical Metallurgy of Non-Ferrous Metals and Alloys
Chemical compositions, classification, properties, and applications of aluminum, copper, titanium , nickel, cobalt, magnesium and zinc and their alloys. Refractory metals and alloys and structural intermetallics.
12-Mtl-B8 = 10-Met-B8 Ceramic Materials
Bonding in ceramics. Ceramic structures. Effect of chemical forces and structure on physical properties. Defects in ceramics. Diffusion and electrical conductivity. Phase equilibria. Sintering and grain growth. Mechanical properties: fast fracture, creep, slow crack growth and fatigue. Thermal stresses and thermal properties. Dielectric properties.
12-Mtl-B9 = 10-Met-B9 Structure and Properties of Polymers
Polymer phase equilibria: solvent quality, polymer blending. Mechanical properties: testing methods, compliance, viscoelasticity, dynamic testing, time-temperature superposition, mastercurve, rubber elasticity, crazing. Polymer flow properties: viscosity, rheology, shear thinning, analysis of flow fields. Polymer processing techniques.
12-Mtl-B10 = 10-Met-B10 Advanced Electronic Materials
Band theory: energy levels in solids, effective mass, Fermi-Dirac statistics. Semiconductors: doping, activation, diffusion, P-n junctions, and solar cells. Dielectrics and polarization: capacitance, dielectric materials, Lorentz field, dielectric breakdown, piezoelectricity, ferroelectricity and pyroelectricity. Magnetism: field intensity, permeability, exchange interaction, saturation magnetization, magnetic domains and anisotropy, hysteresis loop. Superconductivity: Meissner effect, superconducting materials, critical field and current density, BCS theory. Metals: contact potential, Seebeck and thermocouple effect, thermoelectrics, electromigration.
12-Mtl-B11 = 10-Met-A7 Corrosion and Oxidation
Basic corrosion theory. Electrochemical corrosion theory. Metallurgical cells. Environmental cells. Stress assisted corrosion. Materials selection. Protective coatings. Corrosion inhibitors. Cathodic and anodic protection. Oxidation.
12-Mtl-B12 Biomaterials and Biocompatibility
Physical, chemical and biological properties of different classes of materials used in medicine. Host and biomaterials responses and their evaluation. Biological testing of biomaterials. Applications of biomaterials in tissue and organ systems. Degradation of biomaterials in the biological environment. Host-implant reactions including wound healing response and inflammatory response. Physiological and biomechanical basis for soft-tissue implants. Design of modified biomaterials. Bulk and surface characterization of biomaterials. Applications of biomaterials in functional tissue engineering. Regulatory and ethical concerns dealing with the implementation and commercialization of biomaterials and medical devices.
12-Mtl-B13 Advanced Characterization of Materials
Crystalline and amorphous structure. Electronic structure of atoms. Atomic bonding, coordination, and packing. Symmetry in crystals and impact on mechanical properties. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction. Analytical techniques including optical and X-ray spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and chromatography. Other advanced microscopy techniques such as focused ion-beam microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, etc.
12-Mtl-B14 Nanomaterials
Physical chemistry of solid surfaces, zero, one and two dimensional nanostructures, special nanomaterials, nanostructures fabricated by different physical techniques. Characterization and properties of nanomaterials in electronics, biology, catalysis, quantum devices, energy and environment.
12-Mtl-B15 Joining of Materials
Principles of joining – classification of joining methods, engineering requirements, joining problems, surface science. Welding – weld geometry, heat transfer, energy sources, and welding of ferrous and non-ferrous alloys, metallurgy. Principles of brazing and soldering. Fabrication of metal-ceramic joints and diffusion bonding. Adhesives – thermoplastic and thermosetting, elastomers.
12-Mtl-B16 = 07-Mec-B8 (in part) Materials Selection and Failure Analysis
Decision-making process for materials selection in design – motivation, cost, specification. Selection for mechanical properties – strength, toughness, stiffness, fatigue, creep, and temperature resistance. Selection for surface durability – corrosion, wear, materials processing. Failure analysis – procedural steps, failure types and characteristics, analytical techniques, types and characteristics of defects in castings and processing.
12-Mtl-B17 Composite Materials
Introduction to design of fibre-matrix composites, effect of fibre architecture (such as aspect ratio, volume fraction), fibre orientation, type of matrices and interfacial bonding on mechanical and thermal behaviour of composites. Fracture mechanics, fabrication, and applications of engineering composites materials.
COMPLEMENTARY STUDIES
11-CS-1 Engineering Economics
Basic concepts of engineering economics through understanding of the theoretical and conceptual financial project analysis. Types and applications of engineering economic decisions. Capital, cash flow, and the time value of money concepts. Nominal and effective interest rates when considering loans, mortgages, and bonds. The application of present worth analysis, annual equivalent analysis and rate of return analysis in evaluating independent projects, comparing mutually exclusive projects, analyzing lease vs. buy alternatives and making decisions. After-tax financial analysis requiring an understanding of capital cost allowance (depreciation) and corporate income tax. Understanding methods of financing and capital budgeting. Break-even, sensitivity and risk analyses.
11-CS-2 Engineering in Society – Health and Safety
The duties and legal responsibilities for which engineers are accountable; safety laws and regulations; and a basic knowledge of potential hazards and their control: biological hazards – bacteria, viruses; chemical hazards - gases, liquids and dusts; fire and explosion hazards; physical hazards – noise, radiation, temperature extremes; safety hazards – equipment operation; workplace conditions - equity standards, human behaviour, capabilities, and limitations; managing safety and health through risk management, safety analyses, and safety plans and programs; practices and procedures to improve safety. The roles and social responsibilities of an engineer from a professional ethics point of view, as applied in the context of Canadian values. The integration of ethics into engineering practice, and its effect on public safety and trust.
11-CS-3 Sustainability, Engineering and the Environment
Basic knowledge of soil, water and air quality engineering: soil and water interaction, water supply issues, human activities and their interaction on soil, air and water resources. Fundamentals of: soil erosion, water quality, atmospheric pollution (carbon and nitrogen cycle), climate change, risk assessment. Basic knowledge of renewable energy sources: solar, photovoltaic, wireless electricity, thermal, wind, geothermal, and biofuels. Introduction to renewable materials engineering; nano materials, new material cycles. Eco-product development, and product life cycle assessment; recycling technologies; reuse of products; design for disassembly, recycling, e-waste, and reverse manufacturing. Consumption patterns; transportation; environmental communication; consumer awareness. Optimized energy and resources management. Sustainable methods: sustainability indicators; life cycle assessment; regulatory aspects of environmental management, ecological planning.
11-CS-4 Engineering Management
Introduction to management principles and their impact upon social and economic aspects of engineering practice. Engineering management knowledge topics including: market research, assessment and forecasting; strategic planning; risk and change management; product, service and process development; engineering projects and process management; financial resource management; marketing, sales and communications management; leadership and organizational management; professional responsibility. New paradigms and innovative business models, including: sustainable production, products, service systems and consumption; best practices and practical examples of successful implementations of sustainable scientific and engineering solutions.